The sub-categories of occupations that require a high level of emotional labor include food service related occupations (4.13 out of 5), sales related occupations (4.10), hair and beauty, accommodation, travel, recreation, and sports related occupations (4.04), and social welfare and religion related occupations (4.02).
Some of the specific occupations that demand a high level of emotional labor are flight attendants (4.70), promotion assistants and salespersons/solicitors (4.60), telecommunication service and mobile device salespersons (3.40), funeral consultants and funeral directors (4.49), news anchors and reporters (4.46), and food service managers (4.44).
Emotional labor is closely linked to interpersonal skills and communication skills; occupations that require emotional labor tend to be associated with a high level of emotional stress and less autonomy in work.
Since emotional labor is found to be positively associated with variables of job creation and job growth, more jobs requiring emotional labor are expected to emerge.
The attributes of those engaged in occupations demanding emotional labor are females, those in their 30s or younger, and employees working in private companies.
Legislative revisions should be carried out to include harmful effects of emotional labor in the category of industrial accidents.