The ‘resiliency ratio’ for OECD standards on reading subjects is 13.49% in Korea, 11.74% in Japan, 10.33% in the US, and 11.30% for the OECD average.
In the order of ranking based on KRIVET criteria for the resiliency ratio (the top 25% in academic grades) Korea is at 11.68%, followed by the OECD average at 9.91%, Japan at 9.89%, and the US at 8.88%. In the order or ranking based on another resiliency type―the top 4% in grades―Korea is at 6.39%, followed by Japan at 3.67%, the OECD average at 3.58%, and the US at 1.45%.
Such 2018 PISA results show that Korea exceeds the OECD average and the countries analyzed (the US, Japan) in educational equity.
- In Korea and all the other analyzed countries, the resiliency ratio for the top 4% in academic grades was significantly lower than the resiliency ratio for the top 25% in academic grades. This means that the students with the highest grades were significantly less likely to have parents who fell in the low economic, social, and cultural status groups and that Korea was moving farther away from a society that made possible movement from ‘rags to riches.’