This study examines the experiences and perceptions of employees regarding 'Working- from-Home' (WFH) in Korea, Japan, China, the United States, and Germany, alongside an analysis of national systems and current WFH statuses. The key findings are as follows:
- WFH Prevalence and Demographics: During the COVID-19 pandemic, WFH became widespread in Korea. However, participation rates significantly decreased among women and older employees. Conversely, office workers and individuals with higher education levels were more likely to engage in WFH. Similar patterns were observed in other countries, with the exception of gender effects. Notably, in China and the United States, women's participation in WFH was significantly higher than that of men.
- Perceived Effects of WFH: Employees with positive perceptions of 'work efficiency,' 'work-family balance,' and 'prevention of career interruption' demonstrated a higher 'intention to work-from-home in the future' compared to those with neutral views. The positive perception of 'work efficiency' was particularly influential in increasing future WFH intentions.
- Impact on Colleague Relationships: Overall, WFH did not positively affect 'relationships with colleagues.' However, perceptions regarding these relationships did not significantly influence the 'willingness to work-from-home in the future.'
Based on these findings, further research is recommended to develop strategies that promote labor market participation among women and the elderly through the facilitation of WFH opportunities.