This study is intended to give a view of Chinese government's efforts in unemployment issue. The government in China has been continued significant role in the economic reforms by adopting "market economy with socialist characteristics".
Unemployment in China has been rising and become serious burden to its government. We study what has brought widespread unemployment and its characteristics. We also observe social problems caused by widespread unemployment and Chinese government's efforts to cope with the mass unemployment.
After Deng Xio Ping implemented reform and opening policy in 1978, China has been rapidly changed. This reform and opening policy has been the driving force for economic growth. And the economic growth made China one of the fast developing nations in the world.
But Chinese economic reforms also brought some dark sides of the market mechanism. One of them is the unemployment issue.
China faces mass unemployment owing to the surplus labor forced by layoffs at the state-owned enterprises, economic restructuring and rapid urbanization across the nation. The mass unemployment is contributing to a very real and serious social crisis.
The government made plans to fight against unemployment, which threats economic and social securities, including : (1)the policy for job creating and reemployment and (2) the unemployment insurance and (3) the social insurance for the elderly and (4) emphasizing the vocational education and training and (5) providing start-up businesses with good education and (6) exporting its labor forces aborad.
In addition, we argue that it is necessary to continue the study about market economy-oriented Chinese government's efforts for unemployment in preparation for unification with socialist North Korea.