This study characterizes the effects of vocational education as the probability of attaining qualification certificates, employability, and income level, which are affected various factors, including training factors, socio-demographic factors and labor market factors. We make a comparison of these factors between low-income group and other income groups to generate policy implications of vocational training for the lowincome group.
The results show that the probability of attaining qualification certificates is positively influenced by whether people have completed vocational training, and employer training. In particular, employability is positively affected by skills improvement training, whether people have completed vocational training, and employer training. With respect to socio demographic factors, employability is much higher among general income groups than the low-income group, especially those living under the minimum cost of living. Training factors with positive effect on income level include training in advanced levels, training for certificates in information and communication, and electrics; however, no such training effect is found among those living just above the poverty line. Among sociodemographic factors, gender, age, education level and belonging to general income classes exert more positive influence. Among labor market factors, fulltime job, working hours and company size generate positive training effect with significance. However, in the case of the poor, the income level of the unpaid family workers is found to have negative effect with significance.