This study identified the effect of firm-specific skill characteristics and organizational innovation on product innovation, and analyzed the moderating effect of organizational innovation types on the relationship between firm-specific skill characteristics and product innovation. As a result of panel regression analysis using data from the Human Capital Corporate Panel (HCCP, 2009-2017), it was found that firm-specific skills had a negative impact on product innovation, and organizational innovation activities that introduced the changes in the way work is done, in the knowledge management method, and in relationship with external organizations were found to have a positive effect on product innovation. Also, Changes in knowledge management method affected the relationship between firm-specific skill characteristics and product innovation. Companies with firm-specific skills can reduce the negative impact on product innovation by changing the knowledge management method. Therefore, it is necessary to increase investment in education and training for general skills, and to pay attention to organizational innovation methods related to sharing learning the knowledge